The varicose veins of the lower limbs or veins of the lower limbs - the expansion of the surface veins, accompanied by the impaired valve and blood flow.
This is the most common disease of peripherals.According to epidemiological data, different forms of this disease are found at 26-28% of women and 10-20% of men of working age.
Risk factors for the development of varicose veins
Genetics and its role in developing varicose veins are not found clearly.One of the main objections of the presence of a genetic tendency is the different frequency of varicose veins in African ethnic people and their compatriot tribes migrated to the United States and Western European countries.Moreover, compared to sedentary people's tribes, the frequency of varicose veins, not exceeding 0.5%, migrants have a reliable increase in 10-20%.In this regard, the conclusion is clear about the various disease of environmental factors, characteristics of lifestyle and nutrition.
PregnantTraditionally, it is considered one of the main risk factors for the development of varicose veins, especially more frequent damage (3-4 times) for women.It is often accepted that the stimulating moments are the increase in BCC (circulating blood volume) and the compression of the pregnancy of the postal vein.Meanwhile, the results of epidemiological studies show that only the second pregnancy and then lead to a reliable increase in frequency of varicose veins of varicose veins of 20-30%.At the same time, the first signs of the disease appeared in the three January of pregnancy, when the increase in BCC or the increase in the uterus has not occurred.
Obese- Risk factors have been shown for varicose veins.At the same time, the increase in body weight index to 27 kg/m2 or more leads to an increase in the frequency of the disease to 33%.
The high frequency of varicose veins in industrialized countries to some extent due to nutritional characteristics.The high level of food processing and reducing the diet of raw vegetables and fruits has led to the continuous shortage of the necessary plant fibers to regenerate the veins and chronic constipation, causing permanent increase in the pressure in the abdomen.
LifeIt has a significant impact on the development and varicose veins.Specifically, the side effects of the long -term plane with lifting weight or staying in motionless in the standing and sitting posture have been proven.In Asian countries, the use of chairs and seats more often in the population of Europe has led to a reliable increase (3-4 times) on the frequency of veins compared to those who have the tradition of sitting in the carpet.
Special conditionParticipate in pathology of varicose veins.Their role in recent years has increased, it is due to the widespread use of hormonal contraceptives, the popularity of hormone replacement therapy during the treatment of osteoporosis.It has proven that estrogen and progesterone, as well as their derivatives, reduces the tone of the vein wall due to the gradual destruction of collagen and elastic fibers.
Clinical images of varicose veins
To intravenously is a disease that is not indifferent to beautiful sex.A varicose veins of female veins are more frequent than men.
Signs of varicose veins are the extensions of the veins under the skin, pain, severity in the legs, swelling of the legs and lower legs, fatigue at the end of the day.Varicose veins are often susceptible to blood clots and infections.Flebitis can develop - vasculitis or thrombosis - complex vasculitis by blood clots.During the process of hard wire veins, very painful.The skin changes, loss of elasticity and color becomes dense, dark brown.With easy injury, ulcers occur.A young woman can become a disabled person in her 40s.
These are symptoms that will be alert - these are symptoms of veins:
- Pain.The causes of pain in the veins are very, very much.A series of pain in varicose veins is also very rich:
- Hot suffering,
- Night cramps and itching in muscles,
- Pain when walking
- The pain along the intravenous trunk,
- Pain and pain in the leg.
- Swelling in the leg.
- A feeling of explosion and heavy legs.
- Skin changes.At first, the skin became dry, pigment appeared - the skin of the dark legs, covered with brown spots.After that, different dermatitis, eczema and spoils disorders are treated in the form of poor healing wounds until the formation of ulcers can participate in these symptoms.
- A long, stretched veins protruding on the skin surface of the legs and feet, with cylindrical or mixed extensions.
- Blood vessels (telangioectasia).Yes, people with varicose veins are also included in the patient group with the expansion of small veins, because their cause is the same.
The earliest stages of varicose veins are very difficult to detect and diagnose, because in the early stages of the disease, there is no main characteristics - veins.And the first and earliest symptoms of varicose veins, such as the feeling of the severity of the legs, moderate pain in the legs, increased fatigue, is also found with the initial stages of artery diseases, flat feet, lumbar osteoarthritis.
In such difficult cases, you cannot diagnose accurately - you will need advice to your doctor or even some experts - a realist, a neurologist, a surgeon and a manual therapist.High tool diagnosis, such as ultrasound or phlebography, will also be required.
The first symptoms of leg varicose veins of the leg, along with yourself may suspect the beginning of varicose veins, is an increase in veins on the skin of the leg.This defect, as we have noted, often recorded by young women: on their feet or hips they notice a wreath, not there before.There may be no other complaints at the beginning of varicose veins.
And usually, such symptoms of a varicose veins begins to the occurrence of pain and other discomfort.Typically, the first people who find the veins of the veins are not accompanied by absolutely no discomfort.
The beginning of the development and the progression of varicose veins has been manifested by protruding on the surface of the skin.Varicose veins.One or more.This is the main symptom of the original varicose veins.Varicose veins can be detected most often on the inner surface of the leg or hip.With long or long walking, a symptom of varicose veins is manifested asFatigue, heavy in the legs, the feeling of booming(Usually - in calves).These symptoms are especially clearly manifested by staying in sitting or standing.There are also acute pain or acute pain in the venous veins (venous veins), convulsions in the calf muscles, especially in the evening and sometimes at night.
The first signs of dysfunction in the veins are expressed andFoot swollen until the end of the day.Phu usually occurs in the evening, especially after standing.After the overnight, swelling completely disappeared.
The symptoms of varicose veins are quickly overcome, if you relax, especially if you lie down.However, the disappearance or significant decrease in these symptoms when walking and after the night is very characteristic of varicose veins.
But varicose veins, if they do not participate seriously, do not withdraw,evolution.Over time, such symptoms of venous veins likeConquer the veins in dark blue skin, protruding on the skin surface of the legs and feet and similar to the red grapes.All this is accompaniedArea of pain in the legs and calves, the feeling of heat in the legs, convulsions every night in the calf muscles, swelling.Gradually participate in these symptomsskin changes.At first, the skin became dry, it was dark, a pigment appeared on it - brown spots.A little laterTitle disorder: Poor healing wounds and even ulcers.
PainThey started to worry more and more often, especially in the afternoon or evening.
Diagnose
Currently, the most affordable methods to diagnose varicose veins are:
- Dopplerography ultrasound.The main diagnostic method of diseases of the veins of the lower genera is today is the Dopplerography ultrasound.This method is based on the influence of Doppler, including in fact that the ultrasonic waves pass through the fabrics reflected from the movement of blood cells and their frequency changes.High sensitive sensors, repairing these changes, regenerating them with a special device in the form of audio signals like the noise of the wind or graphic curve.
- The scanning (two -way) allows you to record the image of a venous vessel on the monitoring screen in a real time with the evaluation of blood flow in it.Scan Triplex (three -dimensional), in addition to the above, allows you to get the color image of blood flow.
- Phlebography.Flebography is a radiopaque study of veins, and in some cases, the diagnostic method of decision to check patients with veins and, mainly in the case of their complications.
Treatment of varicose veins
Successful solution for the treatment of varicose veins is made up of the following sequential tasks:
- Remove varicose veins;
- Eliminate the signs of HVN;
- Prevention of progression and recurrence.
How to treat varicose veins:
- Compressed therapy;
- Conservative therapy;
- Surgical treatment (phlebectomy);
- Sclerotic therapy.
First of all, they try to treat varicose veins by conservative methods.Strictly speaking, this is not a method of treating varicose veins.All conservative methods in the treatment of Viking varicose veins are targeted, first of all, in preventing the disease and its complications.Conservative methods are also the only possible therapy if the patient is seriously contraindicated with other treatments or if the patient refuses to treat surgery on varicose veins.The thorough removal of varicose veins can only surgery, and the function of the treatment is of great importance, which implies eliminating or minimizing HVN's manifestations.
Treatment of varicose veins should be complicated and personal, usually including conservative and surgical treatment.The doctor can only propose the treatment of veins based on his experience, but the decision is always friends.